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Nature's Treasure Chest Explanation Guide |
Many people know that furniture, lumber for building houses, paper, and books are wood products. But did you know that over 5,000 different products come from trees? Some of them are pretty surprising. Through the magic of modem science, man has learned how to take the fiber from trees and create wonderful items that make our everyday lives better and more enjoyable. How do they do it? A tree is like any other plant, only bigger. It is built of plant CELLS made of CELLULOSE that are held together by LIGNIN. The lignin acts as a type of glue holding all the cells together in bundles of fibers. If the wood is cut into chips and then cooked into PULP, the lignin dis- solves. The cellulose can now be separated out and cooked again. Soon it is a stew of fibers and a liquid called CELLULOSE ACETATE. Some wood products come directly from the tree. Some come from the cellulose pulp, the lignin, or the cellulose acetate. Many medicines, clothing, foods, cosmetics, paints, even some "plastics" are wood prod- ucts. So the next time you use a bowling ball, put on your new rayon dress, rinse with mouthwash, eat a cookie, or play your drums-THANK A TREE-and thank California's foresters who keep our forests healthy and growing for all of us to enjoy. Below are the items made from trees that were in- cluded in the story you read about Randy. How many of them did you find? If you got them all, you are
HANDRAIL,STAIRS,STEPS,FLOOR,DOOR,CUPBOARDS: Many homes have stair parts and floors made of oak, pine, or fir because these woods are sturdy and attractive. Do you have a staircase in your home? What kind of wood was used to make it? Sometimes maple is used for a highly polished wood floor. Doors are most often made of pine and fir, but sometimes they are made of oak or even redwood. Many kitchen cabinets are made of pine or oak. Some are made of cherry. Make a tour of your house. Do you have a wood floor, or does carpet cover it? What kind of front door do you have? Are your cup- boards wood? Are they painted or are they natural colored? RAYON: This fabric is very popular because it is light and comfortable and can he made into clothes used for fancy occasions or clothes made for fun. Rayon is produced from cellulose acetate. Check the closets and drawers in your house. How many things do you and your family use that are made from rayon? BENCH,CHAIKTABLE: Furniture comes in all shapes and sizes and is made from many different materials. Today, it is often made from pine, oak, an teak. Makers of fine wood fumi- ture lik using walnut, cherry, and ahogany. These woods do not splinter easily and look beautiful when they are sanded smooth and polished. VANILLA: Artificial vanilla is used in many baked goods that are found in the stores or are baked at home and is sometimes called vanillin. It is made from lignin. Lig- nin is used in some baby foods, pet foods, and deodorants to help hold the ingredients of these products together. Some medicines that help with high blood pressure and Parkinson's disease also come from lignin. PANCAKES, COOKIES: Baked goods sometimes contain an ingredient called torula yeast. It comes from the wood sugars that are produced when pulp is made. Torula contains lots of protein. It has five times more iron in it than Popeye's spinach or good old California raisins. Torula yeast is also found in baby foods, cereals, imita- tion bacon, beverages, and many diet foods. Torula even seems to make bees and lobsters grow faster! What products in your kitchen have torula yeast or artificial vanilla in them? SAUSAGES: No, the meat inside the sausage is not made from wood! But the casi s that hold the meat in links usually cellulose, a wood product. Cellulo e is tasteless and comes in several varieties. Sausage casings are made from ethyl cellulose. So are hard hats, combs, brushes, luggage, and fishing floats. MAPLE SYRUP: The ingredient that soaks into our hot pancakes and shines on top of our puddings is the forest product we call maple syrup. It is the sap that flows through the cells of the sugar maple tree. This wonderful treat is tapped from the tree in early spring when the sap begins to move through the tree again after a winter rest. CARTON, NEWSPAPER, REPORT, TICKETS, NAPKIN, BOX, BOOKS, SACK: Ordinary paper is most often made from softwoods such as pine and fir. In paper mills, wood chips are cooked break down and soften the fibers. Next, they are washed clean and put into a beater. Beating makes the fibers fluffy so that they will hold together better. The mixture is now called wood pulp. At this point, dyes are often added to the pulp to give it color. Then it is spread out very thinly on a wide, wire screen. The pulp moves along a conveyor belt where most of the water drains out through the mesh. The rest is squeezed out by a series of rollers. As the fibers dry, they bind themselves together and become paper. Many paper products that are manufactured today are made from recycled paper. What does recycled mean? The next time you buy greeting cards, toilet paper, paper towels, facial tissues, cereal and other grocery boxes, check to see if they are made from recycled paper. What is printed on your paper grocery store bags? Does it show how much of the paper used to produce these bags is recycled? Making recycled paper is easy and fun. A recipe for making it is included in this lesson. APPLE JUICE, ORANGES: Most of the fruit we eat comes from a tree. We squeeze fruits into juice, cook them to make jams, jellies, and syrups, use them to help flavor other foods such as pies, and eat them fresh. What is your favorite way to enjoy fruit? What job does the fruit do for the tree? Here is a hint: What do we find hidden inside the fruit? FOOTBALL HELMETS: Though they don't took like it, plastics are sometimes made by using wood. Wood flour is mixed together with other ingredients to form the plastic parts to many household appliances, like coffee makers, and sports equipment, like hockey helmets and baseball hard hats. Scientists believe that using wood fiber strengthens the plastic. TIRES, RUBBER MATS: Rubber trees originally came from South America, but now large rubber tree plantations are also found in the tropical areas of Africa and Asia. Workers make a cut into the bark of the tree and set a cup beneath it to catch the sap called latex. The latex is then made into rubber. What other items can you think of that are made from latex rubber? Can you think of another wood product that comes from tapping into the bark of the tree to catch its sap? PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM,CELLOPHANE, TOOTHBRUSH, EYEGLASSES: These everyday items are made from cellulose. VCR tapes, sponges, and cellophane tape are also made from cellulose. Look at the knives and tools in your kitchen and workshop. Many of the handles are made from regular wood or from the wood product, cellulose. NAIL POLISH, HAIRSPRAY, LIPSTICK, PEPPERMINT CANDY, GUM: The cosmetic and food industries make use of wood oils to give their products scent and flavor. Sandlewood is used in many perfumes and incense sticks. Eucalyptus is the smell we recognize in ointments, cough drops and syrups. Chewing gum uses both of these oils for fra- grance along with chicle, an ingredient that is found in the forests of Central America. The drops of chicle that ooze out of the tree are what we find so much fun to chew! PLANTER BOXES, HOUSES, FENCES, SIGNS,TELEPHONE POLES, BUS STOP BENCHES: The strong smelling oils in the wood are what makes redwood and cedar ideal for outdoor furniture, decks, planter boxes, and fences. These oils help protect redwood and cedar products from insects and also from damage by the rain, sun, and wet soil. Carpenters love to build with redwood and cedar because they have no knots in them. Their grain is straight and smooth. Some houses are made entirely out of wood. In other houses, the framework, the outside covering, and the shingles on the roof are made of wood. Douglas fir, white fir, and ponderosa pine are most often used to build houses. Douglas fir is also used to make telephone poles and bus-stop benches, while ponderosa pine is used to make most wood signs. Does your house have wood siding? Do you have shutters on your windows or decks around your house? Is there a gazebo or a birdhouse in your backyard? Does one of your neighbors have a wooden mailbox or a "FOR SALE" sign in his front yard? Take a walk in your neighborhood. How many things do you see made from a tree? |